Recovery of the thermal orchards irrigation system

  Project winner Ex-Aequo of European Prize for Urban Public Space 2016and the Bauwelt Award 2017  
  Nomination to FAD 2016, Rosa Barba International Landscape Prize 2016,  EU Mies Award 2017 

The heritage site of Hortes de Baix is an irrigation orchard of 3.7 Hectares annexed to the historical center of Caldes de Montbui, a thermal city founded by Romans near Barcelona. This space has suffered gradual environmental and social degradation of its landscape, a commonly recurring characteristic within the twentieth century in neighboring landscapes caused by the pollution in the stream which supplies the irrigation system, the inaccessibility of the space, and the lack of an irrigation community.


These vegetable gardens were historically watered by the surplus of thermal baths and the precipitation that flowed into the main irrigation canal. This canal, formed by stone walls reaching three meters high, is the main element of the irrigation system. However, as the population increased, the stream became polluted with sewage from the urban center, altering the once fresh and flowing canal into an open sewer. This created health risks for agriculture as well as for urban life with unbearable odors and a deterioration of the beautiful landscape. The project originated with the Public Space Board, an environmental association that gives agency to local initiatives. The City Council posed the challenge to solve the need for clean irrigating water, to redirect the flow of wastewater, and to facilitate accessibility from the city center. Thus began a project to reclaim clean water for the public as well as to shift the community’s burdened view of water into one of pride and cultural heritage. By learning traditional and organic management of water, it emphasized the community’s ownership of the project in self-managing the water, giving agency to the citizens to aid in the transference of responsibility.

At the time of intervention, the primary objective was to ensure a low-cost project with minimal environmental and social change. Thus, participatory research was vital to the project in order to understand the needs of the community, to align perspectives and values with those affected by the project, and to establish equal partnership in the responsibilities and decision-making of the process. The ethnography of the territory, the analysis of its topography (nonexistent previous to the project), the understanding of demands and complications, and the assessment of its resources and priorities, resulted in thorough documentation, in-depth understanding of the situation, and close coordination and evaluation of the project throughout the entire process.

The project of sustainably managing the gardens addresses the lack of clean waterand the health risks caused by black water overspills into the main water supply. The first proposal is based on the diversification of clean water sources from the surplus of thermal baths in order to ensure an ample water supply. This new water supply is collected in a public pool built to accumulate and to cool thermal water for irrigation. The pool uses a gravity-flow water system, avoiding the need for a complicated, mechanized device. The second proposal is to resolve the issues of inaccessibility of the main ditch, which caused a death in the community, with a foot bridge. This footbridge encourages use of the gardens and strengthens the community of the irrigators.

The success of the project was a result of recurring site visits, multiple meetings, and dynamic co-working sessions with the different stakeholders of the irrigation community from farmers to spa owners to janitors and many more.

The irrigation canal: the redirection of urban wastewater to recover the main irrigation canal as a port for clean water and access to the orchards.

The modification of the water catchment system in the irrigation network of the orchards, incorporating a compensation pond under the Broquetes spa and an irrigation pond for the cooling and storage of thermal water in the orchards as well as some specific modifications to the irrigation system to incorporate this elements and a consensual modification of the areas of the irrigation shifts to expand them to two shifts per week.

For more information about this project read our review Irrigation, Society, Landscape. Tribute to Thomas F. Glick , Valencia, 2014.

Download the information with this pdf

Authors

Cíclica [space · community · ecology], CAVAA Marta Serra (coordinadora), Elena Albareda, Joaquim Arcas i Adrià Martín Aleix Rifà, Junta de la Asociación de Hortelanos de los Huertos de Bajo, Esocal SL, Plan de Ocupación Municipal

Developer

Regidoria d'Espais públics i Sostenibilitat i Ajuntament de Caldes de Montbui

Project year

2013-2015

Date

2 de July de 2018

Category

Highlights, Territory and landscape